Preconditioning, postconditioning and their application to clinical cardiology.

From preconditioning to postconditioning: novel interventions in the armory of salvage of the ischemic heart.

T otal coronary occlusion without prior development of collateral circulation results in a wavefront of myocardial necrosis, which moves from subendocardium to subepicardium. The early restoration of flow by pharmacological or mechanical means may interrupt the development of necrosis, saving the jeopardized myocardium. Twenty years ago, experimental studies revealed an endogenous defense mecha...

The co-application of hypoxic preconditioning and postconditioning abolishes their own protective effect on systolic function in human myocardium.

BACKGROUND Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and postconditioning (POC) are well documented to trigger cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, but the effect oftheir both co-application remains unclear in human heart. The present study sought to assessthe co-application of IPC and POC on fragments of human myocardium in vitro. METHODS Muscular trabeculae of the human right at...

Effects of Postconditioning, Preconditioning and Perfusion of L-carnitine During Whole Period of Ischemia/ Reperfusion on Cardiac Hemodynamic Functions and Myocardial Infarction Size in Isolated Rat Heart

Bringing preconditioning and postconditioning into focus.

After many years of debate during which the preponderance of opinion was skeptical about the experimental and clinical existence of reperfusion injury (with attitudes ranging between polite condescendence and overt denial), it can be said that the controversy has been now largely resolved, and that the death of cardiomyocytes during reperfusion is now generally admitted as a fact. Perhaps this ...

Pathophysiology of Ischemia/Reperfusion-induced Myocardial Injury: What We Have Learned From Preconditioning and Postconditioning?

Organ damage after reperfusion of previously viable ischemic tissues is defined as ischemia/reperfusion injury. The pathophysiology of ischemia/reperfusion injury involves cellular effect of ischemia, reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cascade. Protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury may be achieved by preconditioning or postconditioning. In this review, we discuss basic mechan...